History of the Green Bay Packers Essay Example

History of the Green Bay Packers Essay Green Bay, Wisconsin, home to just over 100,000 people is the smallest market in any major sports league in the United States. Dubbed in the mid-sixties as â€Å"Title town, USA†, Green Bay is the proud home of the National Football League’s Green Bay Packers. Such a small town allows for many unique experiences. Only in Green Bay will you see a professional football player riding the bike of a six-year-old to the Clark Hinkle practice field. The team’s helmet is also present on the official city flag, along with a wedge of cheese, a roll of paper and a ship. Such a small town and a big name franchise once purchased for 250 dollars is now worth over 125 million. A big name franchise started from humble beginnings, a conversation between two men, and a drive for excellence. On August 11, 1919, Curly Lambeau and George Calhoun gathered young athletes from around the area, in a close editorial room of the Green Bay Press-Gazette, to discuss the creation of a professional football team. Several weeks before, in a casual street-corner conversation, they had discussed the idea, but hadn’t given it much thought. From that room, one of the proudest and most storied NFL franchise. In order to start the team, the two would need financial backing. Lambeau approached his employer, the Indian Packing Company, for the necessary funds to buy the team jerseys. The company agreed to purchase uniforms, and to allow the use of their private athletic field. In exchange for the resources, the team was named the Green Bay Packers. The newly formed Green Bay Packers played opponents from Michigan and Wisconsin on an open field without stands or fences. We will write a custom essay sample on History of the Green Bay Packers specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on History of the Green Bay Packers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on History of the Green Bay Packers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer By going 10-1 in their first ever season, losing only to the Beloit Fairies in the last game, the Packers gained the backing of the Indian Packing Company once again in pursuit of an official franchise in the National Pro Football League on August 27, 1921. The players split the money collected by donation at the end of the season; each player received 16 dollars, a far cry from the money needed to pay their own medical bills. Unfortunately, the team fell into financial troubles and had to be forfeited at the end of the season, the first of many troubles to come for the young team. In 1920 Curly Lambeau found a new company to support the franchise, and paid 205 dollars to readmit the team, including 50 dollars from Lambeau’s own pocket. In the team’s second season, in a time of smash-mouth football, the Packers broke the mold and threw the ball. Opponents didn’t take kindly to Lambeau’s aerial assault, calling him a sissy for not handing the ball off. During the 1921 season, Curly Lambeau got in trouble for paying college students to play under assumed names, and the franchise was once again revoked. Lambeau apologized, and reapplied for admission into the newly named NFL with 250 dollars he borrowed from a friend. At the time of reinstatement, the Packers’ rivals the Decatur Staley’s had been moved by George Halas to Chicago and were renamed the Bears. At this time the NFL was growing, and the competition for athletes became more competitive, and recruiting players out of college was a necessity. As luck would have it, Curly Lambeau had a knack for spotting star players and convincing them that Green Bay was the place to be. Such an acquisition was the feared Johnny â€Å"Blood† McNally. With the combination of quarterback Red Dunn, to McNally, the Green Bay Packers were one of the most dominant teams of the era, and cruised to three straight NFL Championships in 1929, ’30 and ’31. Then, in the 1933 season, the Dunn-McNally duo was replaced with Don Hutson through the air, and Clark Hinkle on the ground. The Green Bay Packers once again were the cream-of-the-crop, and won three more Championships in the next nine years. In the mid 1920s, the team once again had fallen into debt. In a last-ditch attempt to save the team from bankruptcy, Lambeau turned the Packers into a non-profit organization, and sold the company into local stock to keep it afloat. In the late 1940s, with the Packers finally stable financially, thanks greatly to the NFL beginning to create lucrative TV contracts, Curly tried to buy back his beloved Green Bay team. The stock holders wouldn’t hear of it, and Curly departed Wisconsin. Most locals had come to believe that Curly had become too arrogant, and high-brow, living a luxurious life in California. The man, who had rescued the Packers from debt several times, left Green Bay. With Lambeau gone, he took one Packers tradition with him, winning. In 1958, the Green Bay Packers won only one game. The stage was set for arguably the greatest football coach in the history of the National Football League, Vince Lombardi. February 2, 1959, the Packers hired Vince Lombardi as the new head coach. In Lombardi’s first season as the Packers head coach, the team finished with a 7-5 record. Lombardi was the unanimous decision for the National Football League ‘Coach of the Year’. Vince Lombardi demanded respect, authority and perfection. The moment he arrived, Lombardi met with the board of directors and stated: â€Å"I want it understood that I am in complete command here, and from that moment on, he was. Vince became the General Manager, as well as the head coach. Henry Jordan, an offensive tackle for the Packers at the time, told reporters When he says sit down, I dont even look for a chair. In Lombardi’s time in Green Bay, he followed the precedent set by Lambeau before him; he raised the bar. Green Bay became the most dominant team in the NFL, setting a new standard of excellence. During his 1960 second season in Green Bay, Lombardi led the Packers to the NFL title game, but they fell short, losing to the Philadelphia Eagles. After the game, the players gathered around Lombardi: â€Å"Perhaps you didn’t realize you could have won this game. But I think there’s no doubt in your minds now. And that’s why you will win it all next year. This will never happen again. You will never lose another championship. † True to his word, they never did. Vince Lombardi and the Green Bay Packers rebounded to win world championships in 1961, ’62, ’65, ’66 and ’67. From 1960 on, his team never finished lower than second. Lombardi ended his career with a 96-34-6 (. 728) for the second best winning percentage in the history of the game. After Vince Lombardi finished his tenure with the Packers by winning three straight titles, including the first to Super Bowls, the head coaching duties were given to Phil Bengtson, who left the Packers one year later with a 20-21-1 record. The next man was Dan Devine, who was one of the most successful college coaches at the time. After a less-than-stellar record his first year (4-8-2) Devine led the Packers back towards the top, winning the Central Division title for the first time since Lombardi’s departure. Unfortunately nothing materialized and, slowly but surely, the Packers began to recess back into their losing ways. Through 1974, the Packers finished 11-15-2 (. 429), and Dan Devine resigned. The Devine years were followed by one of the most successful Packers players, when Bart Starr accepted the head coaching job in Green Bay. As the quarterback for the Packers, Bart Starr won five world championships from 1961-1967, and looked to bring them back to the glory days as he signed a three year contract as coach and general manager in December 1974. When Starr signed on, he asked for only â€Å"†¦the prayers and patience of Packer fans everywhere†¦Ã¢â‚¬  the team would earn everything else. In his first season, the Packers finished 4-10, however winning three of the last five games. And so a massive rebuilding effort began. Starr continued to restore the positive and winning attitude in the locker room. After several years of improvement, in 1978, the Packers posted there first wining season since 1972, one game above . 500. Unfortunately the injury bug bit the Packers the next two seasons and they once again failed to end with winning records. In 1981 however, the Packers rebounded strongly, with a dramatic midseason comeback but yet again fell short of the playoffs. The following year, a strike-interrupted season, the Packers finally reached the postseason. In the first round to the NFL Super Bowl Tournament, the Packers routed the St. Louis Cardinals in their first game, only to drop to Dallas 37-27. December 19, 1983 Starr was relived of his coaching duties after the Packers failed to reach the postseason one last time. Bart Starr was succeeded by one of his old teammates, and one of the best offensive tackles in the history of the NFL, when Forrest Gregg became the Packers’ ninth head coach. Gregg had previously led the Cincinnati Bengals to Super Bowl XVI, and left with the best team in pro football for a five-year contract with Green Bay. The following seasons were characterized by slow starts and strong finishes to finish just short of the playoffs. After several seasons filled with mediocrity, the Packers coach resigned January 1988 to become the coach at his alma mater, Southern Methodist University. Only nineteen days after Gregg left, Lindy Infante, seen as a brilliant innovator across the NFL signed a five-year contract, in hopes of successfully rebuilding a team that had been treading water. In Infante’s second season with the Packers, the team finished with a 10-6 record—their best in 17 years—but, once again, one game short of the playoffs. In 1990, there were high hopes for the first postseason berth in almost two decades, the team finished the season with five straight losses finishing 6-10. The team continued to decline, and Infante was fired December 22, 1991 by new executive vice president/general manager Ron Wolf. Following the termination, Wolf would finally begin to bring the Packers back to the top, and hired Mike Holmgren, who had built San Francisco’s four-time Super Bowl champion teams, to a five-year contract. In Holmgren’s first season he directed the Packers to a 9-7 record, and became only the third Green Bay coach with a winning record in his first season. In 1993, the Packers finished, once again, with a 9-7 record earning its first playoff berth in ten years. The Packers beat the Detroit Lions, but would be eliminated by the Dallas Cowboys 27-17 in the divisional round. In 1994, the Packers finished with their third straight 9-7 season and—for the first time since Lombardi and the days of Title Town—earned a second straight playoff berth, once again beating the Detroit Lions. The teams Super Bowl hopes were crushed the next week courtesy of the Dallas Cowboys. The next year the Packers would finish 11-5 winning the Central Division crown for the first time since 1972, only to fall short once again to Dallas, 38-27. In 1996 the Green Bay Packers were poised for the Super Bowl. In a preseason press conference Brett Favre, the Packers’ quarterback told the media that they were ready, and if they didn’t think so to just bet against them. True to his word, any reporters who had done as advised were about to lose a lot of money. The Green Bay Packers and leader Brett Favre led the Packers to a league-best 13-3 record through the regular season. The Packers also had the highest-scoring offense in the NFL and a defense that gave up a league low 179 points, a mere 12 per game. The Green Bay Packers steamrolled their opponents as fans watched Favre set an NFL record for touchdowns on their way to the postseason. Throughout the next three games, the Packers would nearly double up their opponent’s point total as they advanced to Super Bowl XXXI. The Packers continued their dominance, dismantling the New England Patriots in a 35-14 victory less than one hour from Favre’s home hometown Kiln, Mississippi. In 1997, the Packers finished the season with a 13-3 record for the second straight season, and seemed primed for another Super Bowl appearance. The Packers once again cruised through the playoffs, and met the Denver Broncos in San Diego for Super Bowl XXXII. Unfortunately, their second Super Bowl trip didn’t go according to script, as they lost to the Broncos 31-24. At the start of the 1998 season, the Packers had their sights set on the Super Bowl XXXIII, but finished 11-5 and lost to the San Francisco 49ers in the playoffs on a late touchdown with only three seconds remaining. Only five days after the loss in the Wild Card round, Mike Holmgren resigned only five days later, after being denied an additional role as the organization’s general manager, to join the Seattle Seahawks. Holmgren was replaced later by Ray Rhodes, a former Eagles head coach and defensive coordinator for the Green Bay Packers. After a promising start, the Packers ended the season 8-8 and missed the playoffs for the first time since 1992. Wolf was relieved at the end of the season. After falling one game short of the playoffs in the new head coach Mike Sherman’s first season, General Manager Ron Wolf retired, leaving behind the best record since his arrival in Green Bay. Mike Sherman was given the GM duties that Holmgren had requested just two years before. In Sherman’s six seasons in Green Bay, he took the Packers to the playoffs four straight years, but failed to advance the team past the Divisional Playoff Round. After an injury ravaged 2005 season, the team finished 4-12 and Mike Sherman was relieved as head coach. Ted Thompson would hire Mike McCarthy to become the franchise’s fourteenth head coach in its eighty-eight year history. McCarthy infused talent, utilizing the NFL draft to field the youngest team in the NFL. In his first season, the Packers finished 8-8, and were eliminated from the playoff picture with only seven hours remaining the regular season. The team sent two players to the Pro Bowl, wide receiver Donald Driver, and Defensive End Aaron Kampman, both of whom posted career high statistics. In Mike McCarthy’s second season, another strong draft class, and a revitalized Pro Bowl-bound Brett Favre, the Packers sit at 12-2, good for second place in the NFC. To date, the Green Bay Packers have clinched the NFC North Division Title, as well as a first-round bye in the playoffs. Other Pro Bowl selections for 2008 include Donald Driver and Aaron Kampman again, as well as first-time cornerback Al Harris. All indications show the Green Bay Packers are on the rise, and looking to bring the Lombardi Trophy, named after their former coach, back to its home in Green Bay. Works Cited Bengtson, Phil. Packer Dynasty. Garden City, New York: Doubleday Company, 1969. Behreandt, Denise L. Coaching with conviction: Vince Lombardis extraordinary success as the legendary coach of the Green Bay Packers demonstrates the dramatic difference principle-based leadership can make. The New American 21. 12 (June 13, 2005): 32(7). Student Edition. Gale. SDLN, South Dakota State Library. 6 Dec. 007 http://find. galegroup. com/ips/start. do? prodId=IPS. Birth of a Team a Legend. Packers. com. 7 Dec. 2007 http://www. packers. com/history/birth_of_a_team_and_a_legend/#chapter10. Doherty, Jim. In chilly Green Bay, Curlys old team is still packing them in. Smithsonian 22. n5 (August 1991): 80(10). Student Edition. Gale. SDLN, South Dakota State Library. 7 Dec. 2007 http://find. galegroup. com/ips/start. do? p rodId=IPS. Lombardi Jr, Vince. What it takes to be #1: Vince Lombardi on Leadership. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional, 2001. 205.

Science and the Scientist essays

Science and the Scientist essays In my opinion, Science is one of the most central themes in our lives, and probably one of the most overlooked. All through school I remember hearing How am I going to use this?. To that I say what you dont know can kill you. There is more to science than what meets the eye. Such as corruption and questions in the ethics of science. Science is a much vaster area than what most people think. My view of science is that it has a good and bad side. It has applications that can save lives and create a greater good for mankind, but in the wrong hands it can either go to waste or cause destruction and misery. I believe that science is all around us. Although I do not know an actual working scientist, I can see how it affects our everyday lives. The technology around is all due to science. Without Science I would not even be able to type this paper. Most people make the common misconception that science is only about plants and nature, at least it seems this way from my experience. Little do people realize that this is only a small portion in the world of science. Anything and everything around us having to do with technology involves a great deal of science. It has also helped to save the lives of millions. Vaccines and medicines can all be attributed to science. Science has cured countless diseases and is in the process of curing countless more. Science is not all good though. As with anything that can bring about massive global change, there is a great deal of beaucracy involved. Often the good that can come out of such development is caught up in the question of how can we make this profitable? In the Cantors Dilemma they are at least still trying to find a cure. I myself often wonder if they havent just simply given up on curing some diseases because as Chris Rock says, Theres no money in the cure. Although this sounds rather morbid one cant help...

Political significance of the Second Amendment Term Paper

Political significance of the Second Amendment - Term Paper Example When the issues are conflicting with each other, the highest court remained silent. The Supreme Court keeps silent about the issues and interpretation of the Second Amendment. It diverts itself to other issues such as adjustments in constitutional rules of criminal procedure and doctrines affecting obscenity, libel and time, place, and manner restrictions on speech, the Second Amendment are simply ignored (Lund, 1987). This paper will review the true meaning of the Second Amendment and the cases of the Supreme Court which illustrate the controversy of the topic. The Real Meaning The Second Amendment states that â€Å"A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed.† The controversy arise from the phrase â€Å"a well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State† where one group of commentators treats the phrase simply as statement of purpose and maintain s that the Second Amendment individual rights to keep and bear arms (Lund, 1987). ... ) stated that the right to bear arms is a political right.  The time the Bill of Rights was proposed, British tyranny was fresh in everyone’s mind; hence, it was to fight tyranny that the second amendment was adopted (Noga, 2011). The Second Amendment was all about protecting liberty and countering the threat from a standing army (Noga, 2011). But still, in the pre ratification debate, both Federalists and Anti-Federalists agreed the federal government should not have any authority at all to disarm the citizenry (Noga, 2011). There are conflicting understandings of the phrase stated above. The laypersons or ordinary prudent men favour or understand the â€Å"individual right† interpretation of the Second Amendment. On the other hand, those who belong in the academe and court, the â€Å"collective right† interpretation is more dominant. The reason why this â€Å"collective right† interpretation is more dominant than the â€Å"individual right† is b ecause the leaders or those in the legal profession believe and favour the restrictive regulations on the ownership and use of firearms as a matter of social policy (Lund, 1987). According to Lund (1987), the advocates of the â€Å"collective right† interpretation focus almost exclusively on the text â€Å"well regulated Militia† which they argue that it implies the right to keep and bear arms is strictly restricted to officially organized military units. However, the term Militia was used. This is why until now there is no clear meaning of the Second Amendment because there is no clear and agreed meaning of the term â€Å"Militia." But there were arguments on what the term â€Å"Militia† protects. Some argued that the Second Amendment did not mention the right of state to regulate the militia (Lund, 1987). It is argued if the state

Aston Martin Crash Structure Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Aston Martin Crash Structure - Coursework Example Furthermore, it is required to be as light as possible in order to optimize the fuel economy and increase the car performance. An Aston Martin crash beam has had various designs over the years, and each of the designs has its drawbacks and benefits (Zhao, 2013). The adventure with the composite materials started in 1953 and has advanced. The composites have demonstrated reliability, fatigue resistance, lightweight, and easy moulding to any shape; the composites are attractive alternatives to metals. Despite their merits, there are minimal transfers from metals to the composites in the automotive industry (Startsev, Ponomareva and Anikhovskaya, 2013). For proper utilisation of the composites in crash beam manufacture, issue of: design, structural simulation, light-weighting, modelling, the crashworthiness, joining, manufacturing, repair, recycling and the new material concepts. Priorities in the manufacture of the crash beam include: The identification and addressing of the material r esearch, for composites, needs of the crash structure is required, and can be achieved via the new and improved concepts or technologies for the composite material for crash beam applications that lead to an increased utilisation of the composites and improved crash beam solutions (Startsev, Ponomareva and Anikhovskaya, 2013). The composite processing durations are lengthy, their raw materials, for example resins and fibres are relatively expensive, in addition, it not easy to achieve high quality object surface finishes.

Musical Autography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Musical Autography - Essay Example This essay suggests that through music, various important mysteries in the society have been able to be solved. Music has therefore for a long time presented itself as a tool of expression and mediation among different groups of individuals. Music usually expresses who people are and how they feel, thereby bringing them closer and together. Music has been used by the society as a tool of self-expression, since through music, various people have the chance of expressing their joys, fears, secrets etc. It is therefore significant for the researcher to look at how various sons or instrumental pieces relates to political, cultural and religion identities. It is stated that musical autobiography has had an impact to both the cultural, religion and political spheres. The general tastes and preferences of individuals change over time. Personally, my tastes and preferences for music have changed from the â€Å"Asian like† type of music to that of more westernized ones. This has been l argely due to the education that the researcher has acquired abroad which has enabled him to mingle with people from other communities. However, these tastes differ with those of my other family members who still prefer the Asian type of music and they have not been influenced to listen to other genres. In conclusion, the researcher mentiones that music has helped the researcher to construct his identity in various ways, and through music he has been able to interact with people from various geographical locations.

Gender Differences In Leadership Effect On Organizational Behavior Nursing Essay

Gender Differences In Leadership Effect On Organizational Behavior Nursing Essay Leadership is process whereby other people in an organization are influenced to perform a task or a job. Through leadership an organization is effectively directed and thus becomes more cohesive and coherent. Therefore we can define leadership style as that approach which provides direction. In management we have different leadership styles. Some of these styles include democratic or participative, autocratic or authoritarian and free reign or delegative leadership. Leading is something that is interpersonal and natural. This paper is going to talk about gender differences in leadership; and will in particular examine how different leadership styles are affected by the differences in gender. To ensure that this is achieved the paper will go through different sources and studies done about this work previously. In the present world women are taking on very big jobs and thus switching to different kinds of leaderships automatically. They have taken up leadership positions in large numbers but are still viewed as weak by their counterparts of the opposite sex. Therefore this paper is going to find out the role played by gender in leadership. It will try and highlight major findings of this issue. Discussion of the topic For a long time there has this belief by many people that leadership is naturally for men alone. Researches carried out long time ago show that gender priority was rampant. Women were sidelined in the society and there was nothing they could do other than bear children and raise them. This bias about women has been experienced as recent as 1990. A study which was carried out by (Siegfried and Cann, 1990) in the year 1990 reveals that male chauvinism was observed and women were not allowed to be leaders. As a matter of fact men and women share a lot in common when it comes to leadership styles and behaviors according to many studies. The same studies however show that gender plays a very vital role in selection and style of leadership. Theory overview The following three leadership theories will try to explain leadership styles and these theories can be applied to gender and leadership. The three theories are: Situational leadership theory Normative decision theory Contingency theory We shall focus the feature of emerging leadership in each model as it relates to situational aspects as per the three theories. We shall then put focus on specific facets of leadership with regard to these models to see whether and how leadership is affected by gender. (Butterfield and Grinnel, 1999) Situational leadership theory In this model we shall look at optimum methods used by leaders in tackling leadership style based on the type of leadership. The model scrutinizes task behavior as it relates to nature of work the leaders do. According to this model, the level of maturity of the leader in job and psychology affects the style of leadership. Gender and leadership are not correlated in this theory. (Butterfield and Grinnel, 1999) Normative decision theory The main reason why this model was designed was to improve some core issues on effective leadership. The model gives a clear explanation about what should happen in a decision making environment. The theory says that leaders could have a frequent improvement on performance of a group if they employ optimal amount of involvement in decision making process. From this theory we can conclude that leadership is a gender neutral aspect. The contingency theory This theory comes up with a model which stipulates that choosing the right type of leader fundamentally determines the effectiveness of leadership which is in contrast to the situational model. The model has a lot of focus on individual aspects of the leader rather than followers or situations. It notes that one develops personality characters at an early stage in life and the leadership style that the leader will employ will be affected his or her life and past experiences. Main arguments, developments, changes; At this stage the paper is going to scrutinize the researches and studies done that concern this topic. In 1990 Eagly and Johnson carried out a study which reveals that women were fond of leadership style which was more interpersonally based as compared to men who appreciated leadership style that was task oriented. The study concluded by showing that men are fond of being autocratic or directive in contrast women who appreciated democratic leadership (Eagly and Johnson, 1990) The 2003 Meta-analysis of Eagly et al, (2003) shows that women can adopt transformational leadership style faster as compared to their male counterparts the leader in this kind of style is more coaching, encouraging and flexible when it comes to problem solving. In cases where women served as leaders, it is recorded that they rewarded good work but men leaders only censured the subordinates ad adopted hands off leadership style in most cases. (Eagly et al, 2003) On he other hand we are warned by Eagly et al, (2003) to have in mind the power of perception. Her observation was that even if studies show differences in styles of leadership gender variation is minute because the roles of leadership is the major factor in determining the behavior of an individual. She concludes by observing that women are better leaders than men in some ways, but women still have disadvantages due to the mentality in many settings that is generally masculine. If masculinity was to be removed from organizational leadership it would give psychologists a clear image of any disparities in leadership between men and women. (Eagly et al, 2003) Leadership which is participative does not involve the leader alone in decision making but other people also. For example employees being involved in decision making of an organization. Gardiner and Tiggeman (1999). It involves making a decision depending on the task to be done in organizations. This does not strictly say hat the employees are the ones to make final decision but their contributions are considered in the making of the final decision. According to some studies which were carried out in the 90s womens leadership is more participative than mens. Both men and women subordinates were used in carrying out of this research and this confirms the fact that gender differences affects leadership style. The gender difference brings about both effective and ineffective leadership styles, but above all it is the leadership style that matter and not gender. (Gardiner and Tiggeman 1999) While studying religious male and female leaders, researchers Cann and Siegfried also found out that female leaders were more transformational than there male counterparts. In transformational leadership style, the leaders involve their followers in all maters including decision making and this motivates the followers. On the other hand researcher by the name of Maher, (1997) carried out a research which proposes that maybe transformational style of leadership is a feminine kind of leadership style. In groups where resources control is under women this type of style is most likely to be observed. From the studies cited above, it can clearly be seen that an important role is played by gender in leadership styles and women are observed to be fond of transformational style as compared to men. (Maher, 1997) On analyzing differentiation in transformational and transactional leadership in religious leaders, Maher, (1997), discovered that there was no remarkable gender difference in transactional or transformational style of leadership. According to Butterfield and Grinnel (1999), there are two basic types of societies in a society; dominator society and partnership society. She observes that women leadership styles take the partnership model which is a manner in which human relationships are developed on the basis of links making. Sociological studies also reveal that the style in which women manage is different from that of men. Men are more hierarchical than women and women leaders organize their management on a wider base. Men groups get in to self-assertion quickly rather than make a compromise like the ladies. (Maher, 1997) Limitations of the research Most of the studies and research done fall short of coming up with strong evidence of leadership style being determined by gender, and instead only gives a general feeling and what seem to be happening. For a leader to choose a leadership style he or she not only consider gender but also bears in mind certain factors which may influence his or her decision. The studies again fail to come up with core evidence that an individual chooses leadership style basing on gender alone. In addition, the studies use samples that are limited which can not give more reliable results. Basing on the entire research findings, however, psychologists do warn us against jumping in to conclusion that female and male leaders have some sort of inborn style of leadership. It is clear that women are well conversant with how people resent the bossy kind of leadership. This only softens their approach whenever they are dealing with their workers. Nonetheless there is need for more research to be done in this field that incorporates other factors that might be influencing styles of leadership to get more reliable data. (Eagly, A. H. et al 2003) Other studies; Compare and contrast studies with each other; Many studies are in support of the fact that ladies are more inclined towards transformational or participative kind of leadership style. According to Eagly and Johnson in their study they reveal that women fall in love with leadership style that is more interpersonally oriented but their male counterparts embrace task oriented leadership style. The study also continues by women are more democratic. Denmark, (1993): also strongly supports this argument. He argues that women leadership style also embraces partnership model. Consequently there is an observation by sociologists that women management style is dissimilar to that of men. Men are observed to be more hierarchical but women appreciate participatory and more democratic style of leadership; they never get themselves involved in supporting and correlating with their groups. On the other hand these studies may vary in the intensity of how participative women leaders can be in their groups. (Denmark, 1993) Maher, (1997) contrast Cann, and Siegfried, (1990) in his analysis about differentiation in transactional and transformational leadership style among religious leaders basing on gender and scrutinizing residence hall administrators and residence hall administrators assistants, where he found out that there was minute gender difference in transactional or transformational style of leadership style. Meanings of studies to the practice of Organizational behavior From the studies we can clearly see that there is an important role played by gender in leadership styles; it also has a direct impact on leadership of an organization because its style may be affected by the top gender personality. Nonetheless studies reveal that men and women are correspondingly effective in one way or another. But in some cases for an organization/s management to be efficient then gender differences must be put in to consideration. For example the ladies are considered to be more coaching and guiding in their leadership which is much appreciated by female workers in an organization. In addition, most women are working role models, and motivators. They also assist workers to attain dedication and creativity. This approach does optimally in current models of organizations which are less hierarchical. It should be note that not all organizations are equally in participatory style of leadership and the style may fail to work in customary male dominated organizations l ike the military. (Gardiner and Tiggeman, 1999). Organizational practice differs accordingly; according to Eagly and Karau (1995), men and women are all effective. Leaders and managers who were analyzed in the studies were mostly first line supervisors working in laboratories. According to the studies women did well in women dominated organizations. Correspondingly men flourished in organizations where men were majority. From this we conclude that in management of organizations women will get a positive management approval if they worked in sectors where women were a majority same with male dominated organizations for men. However men will be forced to emulate different leadership style which is somehow democratic when working in organizations full of women. Conclusion Leadership is a core aspect in any organization. It is the leadership that is going to determine the success of an organization. While running an organization there are different leadership styles which can be used. We have autocratic leadership where employees are dictated by their seniors on what to do and how to perform their tasks; another leadership style being democratic where employees views are also put in to consideration. A vital role is played by gender in the choice of the type of leadership style. From the researches and studies conducted it can be concluded that women appreciate democratic leadership style in contrast to men who embrace autocratic leadership style. The kind of leadership adapted is the one that determines triumph of an organization. Other than that there is need for more research to be done in future to show the certainty and truth of these studies.

Analysis of She Walks in Beauty by Lord Byron Essay -- Poem Poetry Lor

Analysis of She Walks in Beauty by Lord Byron She Walks in Beauty is a poem in which the author speaks of the physical beauty of a woman; a female who the author encountered. This encounter lead him to visualize a great distinct physical image of her so he began to speak of this phenomenal attractiveness. A special quality in her was being able to be identified with the heaven. Beautiful like the stars and clearly visible as a cloudless night. The poem ?She Walks in Beauty? came by as an inspiration to the author. This occurred at an event attended by the author where he meet his cousin which is the woman the author speaks about in the poem. The author lord Byron wrote this poem which is found in the Hebrew Melodies. This publication is found with many other lyrics completed in 1815. The poem speaks through the usage of imagery. The poem is highly rhythmic with meaningful tones. Essentially the female in this poem is evaluated in terms of the physical world. For example, the author does not provide a detailed appearance of the woman. She is instead shown responding to the world around her. George Gordon was born in London in 1788. Gordon was the son of Captain John ?Mad Jack? Byron and his second wife, Catherine Gordon, a Scots heiress. The next ten years were difficult for George. One of the reasons was because of his clubfoot. The second reason was because of his mother displaced resentment against his father onto him, and George Gordon had later been tended by a Calvinist nurse whom awakened his sexuality. In 1798 his great-uncle the fifth Baron Byron, died childless, and just after his tenth birthday Byron inherited his title. In 1801 Byron was sent to school at Harrow; in the same year he ... ...imself. The rhyme scheme shows a different pattern on each stanza; and its meter shows a consistent beat on each line. The tone perceived in Byron?s poem is of romanticism inspired by the woman?s beauty; and its theme is of the immediate impression of a man towards a beautiful lady. There are also many poetic devices like alliteration , simile and internal rhyme shown throughout the poem. Thus making of this poem a delight to the mind, and an enjoyable literary masterpiece. Bibliography: Robert Di Yanni, Literature: Reading Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and the Essay (Boston, Massachusetts: Mc Graw Hill, 1998). The Penguin Group. ?World of Classics.? The Longman Anthology of British Literature. 24, Sep. 2000 . ?Poetry Series Supplement.? Masterplots II, Vol. 9 (Pasadena, California: Salem Press, 1998).

Seal Team Six Memoirs of an Elite Navy Seal Sniper

The hiss Is that not everybody Is born to be a seal and If you are treated Like the author you will not have any better chances. The author Is very descriptive In the way he presents stones. One of his stories Involves him on a Nilsson to shoot a target from 500 yards away. The Reader feels Like they are standing over him as he talks about what Is going on around him. Even the way he describes what Is happening to the gun in the story is amazing. The author also is great at narrating, he adds in essential details to make all of the stories sound real and if an average reader wouldn't understand something it is explained short and sweetly.At the end of all of the stories the author makes a point to say that the missions and becoming a Navy Seal is hard and not recommended. In my mind the book was very interesting. Some parts most readers could have dealt with less detail such as his abusive childhood. The book was extremely accurate coming from a Navy Seals point of view. All of the m issions most readers have heard about have more details that the news couldn't tell you. To me the book was very important, I like to know what how someone could o through something like becoming a Navy Seal and how they survive.Every detail was important to the story because if the author didn't say what was said then the book could have been completely different. The author's arguments are very well said and I believe to be true. The reason is reading about everything he has gone though could not be repeated and ever come with the same result. He states very clearly in chapters about his childhood that beating your child will not make them a Navy Seal, So Don't Do It. Also it takes more mental strength to become a Navy Seal than hysterical strength.He says that in BUD's training he had seen the most physically strong bodies and the men who had them didn't last a week. This Is because of all the mind games that go on inside their heads. Mental strength Is what makes a Seal. This bo ok was very eye opening to what Is going on In the world around me. Some of the Issues are very interesting and I now know things I wouldn't have without reading this book. The author talks about many missions but the one I remember hearing about on the news was when the Somali pirates took over a ship and snipers shot all here of them.I had no Idea what went on behind the scenes of the mission. Like I TLD know that at night seals went Into the water or that the reason the boat was towed was because we offered to get the Somali pirates out of choppy water. I enjoyed learning about the different missions and how they were carried out. My opinion of the book is that it was well organized and I couldn't put the stories any toner way. I en cover AT ten KICK Is very appealing, It NAS an American Hag Ana Is very colorful. The layout of the book is superb. All of the stories are in the correct lace to make you want to keep reading.The only thing I would change is in the beginning of the bo ok there are a lot of intro pages and at the end of the book there is an unnecessary glossary. Considering everything, I enjoyed the book. I thought it was very interesting and fun to read. Some parts could have had less information (his childhood). Books like Seal Team Six are my favorite type of book. I enjoy the action and how the author makes you feel as if you are looking over his shoulder and can see and feel everything he does. I would suggest others read this book.

World Economies Top 10 Exporters and Importers in the World

World Economies Top 10 Exporters and Importers in the World Introduction As the world globalizes and liberalization of free trade advocated for, countries are looking for what they can produce cheaply and best in order to reduce the cost of production involved lessening the strain to world’s resources which are at an alarming declining rate. Any country in the world has got the resources it is well endowed with and the resources it is poorly endowed with.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on World Economies: Top 10 Exporters and Importers in the World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, with trade liberalization specialization has been boosted as countries can produce their specialty cheaply, trade with others, and still have the purchasing power of what cannot be cheaply produced within their own countries. To succeed in this, the country needs to evaluate its critical success factors to enable it succeed. To enable trade all over the world there has been an establishme nt of an international body which looks into trade matters, the World Trade Organization. WTO was created in the year 1995 though it has been working since 1945 under the GATT guidelines. Contribution of UAE in International Market with Respect to Goods and Services According to a WTO report, the United Arab Emirate success in trade (both locally and at internationally) has mainly been supported by its liberal and multifaceted economy which is characterized by low trade barriers. â€Å"The economy has been growing steadily at around 6% per year in the last 10 years and slightly higher at 9% in the period between 2003- 2005† (WTO Press Release Par. 2). The country fares well in the international trade with its exports spread across the whole world. According to the statistics of 2004, the European commission was the lead market for the country’s exports while Asia was the main source of its imports (see table 3 in appendices). This might have led to its’ success as the raw materials are sourced from around the continent giving the country an upper hand in cutting down the cost of production involved. The European Commission is the major market for the United Arab Emirates as table 4 in appendices indicates. The country is a major exporter of oil products (Moore 2008). The country is also a lead exporter of merchandise trade as shown in table 1. The country lies at position 19 as of 2007 statistics. Despite the country success it has been faced by trade barriers within, which makes it difficult to conduct business within the country due to their restrictive polices, weak institutions, and lack of competition (WTO press release 2006).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Top Ten Exporters and Importers in World Merchandise Trade The critical success factors of the world top ten exporters and importers lies on the efforts thes e countries have been making to open up of their economies coupled with different economic strategies and initiatives being initiated by these countries. For the top ten exporters and importers of merchandise trade our focus shall be centrally on China due to its emergence as a world economic leader in the near future. As we have seen, China is the leading exporter of merchandise trade while the United States is the lead importer of merchandise in the world as per the statistics. China’s success factors have simply been based on the fact that the country has a huge market due to its large population size and economy is growing holistically across all sectors. For example in the year 2008, China surpassed the United States of America as the world leader in the production of electronics such as the laptops and mobile phones. With its growing population, the country has grown to become the second largest car market in the world and could surpass United States of America by the e nd of the year 2010 if the expected sales are achieved as predicted. The country’s middle class population is estimated to be around half a billion and if the middle class continues to grow in this country you can expect the market share of China in the world’s market to increase. Another critical success factor has been that China operates the third busiest port after Hong Kong and Singapore thus with the capability of the Shanghai’s port becoming the largest shipping port in the near future, the prospects of China are still bright as ever. As the above figure shows, the country has the largest world GDP share after the United States of America and with its growing population of more than 1.3 billion people China will continue to be a big market destination. China has got the highest literacy levels among the developing countries and this has been a success factor as it shows that the country has the capability of providing quality labor at low costs, which is difficult to be marched by other big economies such as the United States of America. The entry of China into the WTO has also been a major boost in enabling the country open its local markets for international investors. The country has been offering international investors a comfortable environment in which they can conduct trade by offering tax incentives, for example sometimes she offers tax waivers to foreign investors depending on the location of their investment projects (Cohen 2010.) In some places within the country, there exist free trade zones as the country increases its efforts to attract foreign investment in these areas. Despite the country’s success, many companies in China do not practice due diligence as most do not keep proper inventory of their records.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on World Economies: Top 10 Exporters and Importers in the World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many companie s keep different records depending on the use for example you will find companies keeping books for government inspectors, investors, and for their own all with different entries but referring to the same accounts. The banking system is also suffering from in active loans for example statistics show that in the year 2008, bad debts were to the extent of more than 50 billons American US dollars (Kang, Kim, Sun, Jones Zangh 2010). Among the European Union members, Germany lies second in exporting and third at importing in the merchandise trade and it is the leading in Europe and her critical success factors have been attributed to the fact that just as the other countries, Germany has embraced an open economic system. As observed by Hamilton Quinlan (2008) evidence shows that, â€Å"The German economy is the world’s fifth largest, measured by purchasing power parity, and of the five is the most tightly tied to the global economy – more than the U.S., China, India or J apan. Germany is also the world’s #1 exporter of goods and the #3 exporter of services. Germany accounts for only 1.5% of the world’s population yet in recent years it has actually boosted its share of global markets.†(p. 2). The growth has been achieved despite pressure from other emerging economies like China and India who boasts a high population in their countries compared to Germany. The Top Ten Exporters and Importers of Commercial Services The critical success factors on the top ten importers rely on country policies and our focus here shall be on the United States of America for its role as the global leader for a very long period. The United States of America is the global leader at both importing and exporting of commercial services as from 2009 statistics shown in table 2. European Union countries comprising of the UK, Germany, France and Spain among others contribute to more than 25% of the market share with China having a fair share of 3.8%. As noted by Gutierrez (2007) before the economic crisis in the year 2008, there was evidence that the US economy had grown at a rate of â€Å"3.3% in 2006 and the country’s exports had grown to 13% in 2005 and imports by 10% over the same period† (p.5). The factors which have made the US a major success in the world of exports has been its’ huge growth as well as the trade promotion authority which has enhanced free trade agreements between the country and other countries. With the highest percentage of consumers being outside the United States of America, the World Trade Organization plays a key role and the Doha talks if succeeds will enhance an increase in US exports to other countries around the world.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Gutierrez (2007) experts argue that â€Å"American competitiveness in the global market is due in large part to an economy and culture that welcome and encourage innovation and flexible open markets† (32). The other leading EU countries include the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Spain, Italy and Ireland with China and Japan coming there in between. Fastest Growing Traders Among the fastest growing traders in the world are China, India, Brazil and lately Qatar, though its economy size is small compared to the others. These countries emergence as fast traders has been attributed to their rising populations due to their large size thus giving them a chance for a large internal market and room for external market demands depending on their needs. That’s why in the recent past, less developed countries have been relying on India, China and Brazil to help them convince the developed to reduce barriers and tariffs in trade so as to ensure even the poor and the Less Developed Countries benefit from liberalization of trade (Wood 2010). These growing economies are expected to have an influence in the world of trade as we have seen in the case where Brazil has grown to the extent that it has of late disagreed with the UN on imposing economic sanctions on Iran over its role in nuclear weapons. Brazil has refused to impose sanctions on the country and it has grown into a position where it can sanction the United States of America after directions from the WTO for breaking the WTO guidelines (Dade 2010). Both India and China have the majority population at 37% expected to drop to 34% by 2040 and their share of the GDP expected to grow to 40 % (Srinivasan 2010). India success has mainly based on its growing population and the liberalization of trade, which provides a large market pool for the Indian goods and services. The free trade policies have enabled the country export and import its goods and services at cheap costs and with its latest inve stments in infrastructure, the country will continue to grow. Qatar has been another country from Asia which has been growing rapidly. As pointed out by Omran (2010), evidence shows that it has the â€Å"highest per capita income in the world and enjoys one of the fastest growing GDPs, reaching 13.3% real GDP, and valued in 2008 at over US$80 billion† (Par 1). he country’s economy has been expanding in every sector. The country has been expanding its investment for infrastructures and expansion of the economy in almost every sector. The liberalization of trade has also enhanced rapid and expanding trade in this country. With new oil fields being discovered daily and the petroleum products supply declining, Qatar will continue to grow rapidly. Conclusion As the world globalizes and it develops to a global village, interactions will increase and the country’s dependency on one another will continue to increase. From the study we can conclude that the United States of America remains a global leader in world trade though the role of emerging economies such as China and India cannot be underestimated. Countries that supply the world with oil products will continue to expand faster than other economies due to the latest importance of oil products in the world. Reference List Cohen, J. C. 2010. Hearing on Evaluating China’s Past and Future Role in the World Trade Organization Web. Available from: http://ecattrade.com/uploads/content/45D2497564D74299B3EF0F50A8A25D7A.pdf . Dade, C. 2010. Brazil Confirms It Will Impose Trade Sanctions against U.S Web. digitaljournal.com/article/288782 . Gutierrez, C.M. 2007. The 2007 National Export Strategy: Administration’s Trade Promotion Agenda Web. Available from: http://trade.gov/media/Publications/pdf/nes2007FINAL.pdf . Hamilton, D. S; Quinlan, P.J. 2008. Germany and Globalization Web. Available from: http://transatlantic.sais-jhu.edu/bin/u/k/GermanyandGlobalization-eng.pdf . International Trad e Statistics, 2010. World Trade Developments in 2009 Web. Available from: wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/its2010_e/its10_world_trade_dev_e.htm . Kang, S; Kim, S.H. S; Sun, F; Jones, P; Zangh, D. 2010. China Acquisition Opportunities 2010 Morgen Web. Available from: morgenevan.com/pages/reports/China2010.pdf . Moan, G. 2010. ME traders Qatar Expo 2010 Web. Available from: http://tradeshow.tradekey.com/view-6408/me-traders-qatar-expo-2010.htm . Moore, M. 2008. The US-UAE Trade and Investment Relationship Web. Available from: usuaebusiness.org/view/resources/uploaded/USUAEWhitepaper.pdf. Srinivasan, T.N. 2010. Economic Reforms, External Opening and Growth: China and India Web. Available from: apeaweb.org/confer/hk07/papers/srinivasan.pdf . Wood, C. 2010. What’s needed for the Doha Round to Move Ahead? Web. Available from: http://shopfloor.org/tag/wto. World Trade Organization Press Release, 2006. Trade Policy Review: United Arab Emirates (UAE) Web. Available from: wto.org/englis h/tratop_e/tpr_e/tp263_e.htm .

Sales and Tesco Essay

Sales and Tesco Essay Sales and Tesco Essay Aims Diversify product portfolio- Tesco is aiming to diversify their product portfolio in order to reach and target more customers. By offering a better product range Tesco can attempt to make more income and more profits since customers will have more option to buy products and services with them. Maintain number one supermarket position in the UK- This refers to uphold their position as the number one retailer company within the UK market. Despite all its competitors, Tesco is aiming to retain and increase their market share. Growth of social media Describe change- The internet and other technologies are developing at a very quick pace. Social media has been one of the new technologies that have contributed the most to connect the whole world together. The usage of website such as Youtube, Facebook and twitter has increased; this means that are more and more users using this social media networks in order to communicate and stay connected to the rest of the world. Impact on business – The change in the social media can bring positive benefits to Tesco. Social media is often used by customers to express their feelings and needs regarding purchases and businesses they usually use i.e. customers who use social media to talk products or services Which Tesco does not provide. This enables Tesco to identify customer needs and demands by collecting this sort of feedback from social media. As a result Tesco can start providing these products and services to customers and widen their product range. Consequently, there will be more customers thus be able to do more and profits. This contributes for them to maintain their position as the number one supermarket in the UK. E.g. A customer who tweets that Tesco does not sell swimming clothes. Tesco can identify these needs and start selling these sorts of products. This will help them to increase their product range and increase their sales. As a result it helps them to maintain their position as the number one supermarket in the UK. Another way that Tesco can benefit from social media is that it allows them to communicate with customers i.e. if a customer tweets complaining about the lack of shopping carts within Tesco’s stores. Tesco can simply answer these customers using social media and explain the reason for such situation; this makes the whole process to be quicker and therefore save precious time to both company and customers. This way Tesco can improve their relation with customers and make them loyal to the business. As a result customers will spend more contributing to maintain Tesco the number one supermarket in the UK. Costs/risks created- Tesco will have to assume small costs to create a social media account, since they represent an official organisation. Also, they will have to maintain those accounts regularly updated since the content within the page is visible at all the time. Social media can also oppose threats to Tesco. The reason for this is that it becomes easier or customers to make complaints and state their opinions to the world i.e. if a customer complaints about Tesco’s customer service on a social media network, it would be visible to the whole world. As a result other customer can have a negative impression of Tesco and therefore stop using their business. When customers stop shopping with Tesco it makes them loose market share since these will prefer to shop with other competitors. For example a number of customers who have not been satisfied with Tesco Mobile’s as its network is not reliable. These customers can eventually use social media to express their frustrati on and as a result impact other customers’ opinion about Tesco. This means that a retail company by expanding their product range, but not being able to satisfy its customers can impact all other sections of the business. This means that customer’s complaints through social media about Tesco Mobile can make other customers to stop shopping with Tesco supermarkets and other services,

Analysis Of The Apple Inc. Activity Research Paper

Analysis Of The Apple Inc. Activity - Research Paper Example Apart from various other services, Apple Inc. specializes in a number of products. These include the mobile phone technology enabled mobile mobiles. It was Apple's I-phone 3.0 that introduced a totally new concept. Since then Apple Inc. has introduced a large number of developments time to time and at present, it stands at I-Phone 6. Apart from the mobile phone, Apple Inc. provides products such as I-Pad, I-Pod, Mac Book, desktop computers, and other similar gadgets that are top of the list in the market. All these major developments came about towards the early part of the 21st century where the touch phones were introduced and later on the cell phones became further sleek.Apple Inc. has its own operating system in the name of I.O.S. Apple’s I.O.S and OS-X is device specific and can be operated and installed in only the Apple devices that are aforementioned. Apple Tunes, Play store and I-Tunes, I-Book, I Cloud are few of the major software services and applications that are c ommonly in use. The online store of Apple Inc. finds thousands of downloads daily.Apple Inc's mention without the mention of Steve Jobs will be incomplete. It will be safe to say that the present day Apple Inc. is the product and gift of Steve Jobs. Steve Jobs was the man behind the ideas of I-Phone, I-Pad and many other novels and unique products and services. Steve Jobs served as the C.E.O of the company for the considerable time and brought about steps and actions with him that made Apple Inc. the market front runner.

Identify an up and coming or a new business, identify the strengths Research Paper

Identify an up and coming or a new business, identify the strengths and weaknesses or challenges, and your forecast of the company's success - Research Paper Example The business will gain from a corporation since all profits, losses and taxes are presented to the federal administration, and all the personnel as well as the owners file their individual income duties. The corporation can attract more financiers to the enterprise for development, and therefore, all losses, liabilities, and profits can be shared. Furthermore, lenders and vendors will award more prospects to a corporation. One of the limitations of the company is the double taxation since the owner has to pay taxes for the company as a distinct entity and the stockholders must file for the taxes too. This may prove tasking since the company has just been established and it is still trying to find its ground (Internal Revenue Services, par 3). Another challenge facing the company is keeping up with the marketplace since business settings change continually. The company must keep up with the market to meet its customers’ needs. The company can obtain information sources that afford insights on market trends and conditions (Internal Revenue Services, par 8). The other challenge is that the company does not have the right systems to delegate tasks and responsibilities. Financing the right systems such as quality control can improve the company’s productivity and convince clients that the firm can be trusted (Bizoffice par 2). Another challenge is welcoming change. Change can be overwhelming for a new company since change demands adequate resources and time, which the company may not have, and the company might not have the capacity to incorporate change (Internal Revenue Services, par 7). A change like personnel dismissal or changing suppliers can be dangerous for the business. Change demands coaching and developing personnel and being updated about the new technologies, which can be costly for a new company (Bizoffice par 3). The other challenge facing the company is the challenge of